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“十五五”时期我国财政支出将增强国内大循环内生动力,“十五五”时期我国财政支出将增强国内大循环内生动力_我的网站

一 |     　　8月21日电 国务院新闻办公室8月21日举行“开局起步‘十五五’”系列主题新闻发布会。    DETROIT -- The United Auto Workers union significantly escalated its walkout against Detroit's Three automakers, shutting down Ford's largest factory and threatening Jeep maker Stellantis.In a surprise move Wednesday night, 8,700 members left their jobs at Ford’s Kentucky truck plant in Louisville.And Thursday morning, union President Shawn Fain hinted at further action against Stellantis. “Here's to hoping talks at Stellantis today are more productive than Ford yesterday,” Fain wrote on X, formerly Twitter, without saying what might happen.Ford's truck plant makes heavy-duty F-Series pickup trucks and large Ford and Lincoln SUVs, hitting the company's most lucrative products. The vehicles made at the plant generate $25 billion per year in revenue, the company said in a statement.Fain said in a statement that the union has waited long enough “but Ford hasn’t gotten the message” to bargain for a fair contract. “If they can’t understand that after four weeks, the 8,700 workers shutting down this extremely profitable plant will help them understand it,” Fain said.The strike came nearly four weeks after the union began its walkouts against General Motors, Ford and Stellantis on Sept. 15, with one assembly plant from each company. The company, however, called the strike expansion “grossly irresponsible” and said it has made strong wage and benefit offers to the union. It said the move puts about a dozen other Ford facilities at risk, as well as parts supply plants that together employ over 100,000 people.A Ford executive said the union called a meeting at the company's Dearborn, Michigan, headquarters Wednesday afternoon where Fain asked if the company had another offer. High-ranking Ford executives responded that they are working on possibly bringing electric vehicle battery plants into the UAW national contract, essentially making them unionized. But they didn't have a significantly different economic offer, the executive said. Fain was told the company put a strong offer on the table, but there wasn't a lot of room to increase it and keep it affordable for the business, the executive said.Fain responded by saying, if that's the company's best offer, “You just lost Kentucky Truck Plant,” said the executive. The meeting only lasted about 15 minutes, he said. In a video, Fain said the union moved because Ford didn't change its offer. “We've been very patient working with the company on this,” he said. “They have not met expectations, they're not even coming to the table on it.”The escalation against Ford shows that Fain is trying to increase pressure on the company, said Marick Masters, a business professor at Wayne State University who follows labor issues.But Ford and the other automakers have made concessions and raised wage offers, he said. The companies, he said, “may have reached their resistance points to varying degrees.” Executives, he said, have bottom line positions they can’t cross in terms of staying competitive with other automakers.Fain, Masters said, likely is testing how far he needs to push Ford before going to “full throttle,” by taking all 57,000 Ford members out on strike.The union’s move doesn’t leave him optimistic for a quick end to the strikes, Masters said. “I think the issues that remain on the table are quite thorny,” he said, pointing to union demands that all workers get defined benefit pensions and health insurance when they retire.The UAW expanded its strikes on Sept. 22, adding 38 GM and Stellantis parts warehouses. Assembly plants from Ford and GM were added the week after that. The Kentucky strike brings to 33,700 the number of workers on strike against the three automakers.Thus far, the union has decided to target a small number of plants from each company rather than have all 146,000 UAW members at the automakers go on strike at the same time.Last week, the union reported progress in the talks and decided not to add any more plants. This came after GM agreed to bring joint-venture electric vehicle battery factories into the national master contract, almost assuring that the plants will be unionized.Battery plants are a major point of contention in the negotiations. The UAW wants those plants to be unionized to assure jobs and top wages for workers who will be displaced by the industry’s ongoing transition to electric vehicles.Since the start of the strike, the three Detroit automakers have laid off roughly 4,800 workers at factories that are not among the plants that have been hit by the UAW strikes.The companies say the strikes have forced them to impose those layoffs. They note that the job cuts have occurred mainly at factories that make parts for assembly plants that were closed by strikes.The UAW rejects that argument. It contends that the layoffs are unjustified and were imposed as part of the companies' pressure campaign to persuade UAW members to accept less in negotiations with automakers. The factories affected by layoffs are in six states: Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, Kansas, Indiana and New York. Sam Fiorani, an analyst with AutoForecast Solutions, a consulting firm, said he thinks the layoffs reflect a simple reality: The automakers are losing money because of the strikes. By slowing or idling factories that are running below their capacities because of strike-related parts shortages, Fiorani said, the companies can mitigate further losses.“It doesn’t make sense to keep running at 30% or 40% of capacity when it normally runs at 100%,” he said. Striking workers are receiving $500 a week from the union’s strike pay fund. In some states, laid-off workers could qualify for state unemployment aid, which, depending on a variety of circumstances, could be less or more than $500 a week. Fiorani said that as the strikes widen, more workers will likely be laid off at non-striking plants. Separate companies that manufacture parts for the automakers are likely to have laid off workers but might not report them publicly, said Patrick Anderson, CEO of the Anderson Economic Group in Lansing, Michigan. A survey of parts supply companies by a trade association called MEMA Original Equipment Suppliers found that 30% of members have laid off workers and that more than 60% expect to start layoffs in mid-October.。财政部副部长廖岷表示，“十五五”时期，将努力建设一个更为强大、稳固、平衡、可持续的财政，为基本实现社会主义现代化取得决定性进展提供坚实的财政保障。　　廖岷介绍，过去五年，财政宏观调控效能不断提升，有力支撑了经济社会高质量发展，并实现了财政可持续性，财政作为国家治理的基础和重要支柱作用进一步彰显。2021—2025年，全国一般公共预算收入共计106万亿元，支出合计135万亿元，较“十三五”时期均有较大幅度的增长。　　廖岷称，“十五五”时期，财政部门将不折不扣抓好落实，锚定全面建成社会主义现代化强国目标，高质量谋划实施财政政策，高效能加强财政宏观调控，高水平推进财政管理监督，推动中国式现代化开创新局面。概括起来，就是要努力实现六个“进一步”。　　一是财政实力进一步增强。

二 | 保持财政收入与宏观经济的协调增长，在经济高质量发展中不断培育稳定可持续的财源。强化财政资源和预算统筹，把依托行政权力、政府信用、国有资源资产获取的收入，全部纳入政府预算管理。统筹盘活使用各类资金资源资产，聚“小钱”为“大钱”，集中财力保障国家重大战略任务和基本民生。　　二是财政支出结构进一步优化。以零基预算改革为抓手，打破支出固化僵化格局，大力压减低效无效支出，以事定钱、有保有压，提升公共资金使用效率，把宝贵的资金用到政策效果更好、人民群众更需要的地方。财政支出更多转向投资于人，支持国内消费，增强国内大循环内生动力。

三 | 坚决落实党政机关习惯过紧日子要求，不该花的钱坚决不花。　　三是财政宏观调控效能进一步提升。发挥财政政策扩大总需求和定向调结构的双重优势，不断增强财政宏观调控的前瞻性、针对性和有效性。通过逆周期管理和跨周期调节，既推动经济运行在合理区间，又着力解决经济结构性、深层次问题，促进经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长。　　四是财税体制改革进一步深化。适应我国发展阶段的变化，进一步完善预算制度，健全有利于高质量发展、社会公平、市场统一的税收制度，建立权责清晰、财力协调、区域均衡的中央和地方财政关系，助力实现高效能国家治理。　　五是财政科学管理水平进一步提高。

四 | 构建横向到边、纵向到底的财政管理体系，将财政管理从资金源头贯通到使用末端，开展全链条穿透式监管，杜绝“跑冒滴漏”。加强财会监督，牢牢守住财经纪律“高压线”，管好护好国家的“钱袋子”。　　六是财政重点领域风险进一步化解。

五 | 把不违规新增地方隐性债务作为“铁的纪律”，落实好一揽子化债方案，扎实推进地方存量隐性债务化解工作，加快构建与高质量发展相适应的政府债务管理长效机制，在发展中化债、在化债中发展。

六 | 多措并举增强地方自主财力，兜牢基层“三保”底线。

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